Sero-prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and Human Immuno Deficiency Viruses among Blood Donors at Nekemte Blood Bank, West Ethiopia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20372/mhsr.v1i1.76Keywords:
Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, HIV, Risk factors, Blood donors, NekemteAbstract
Blood serves as a vehicle for transmission of Blood–Borne pathogens and hemo-parasites. Transfusion transmissible infections agents such as Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV Viruses are among the greatest threats to blood safety for the recipients and on the economy of the country. Therefore, the study of sero-prevalence of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV Viruses are important to assess the magnitude and risk of Hepatitis disease and HIV transmission and for its prevention and control strategies. The objective of this study was to determine the sero-prevalence and associated risk factors of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV viruses’ infection among blood donors at Nekemte blood bank. An institutional based cross sectional study was conducted on conveniently selected 97 blood donors from April to May, 2016. The socio-demographic characteristics of blood donors were collected using pre-structured questionnaire. Blood collected from donors were tested as per the protocol for Hepatitis B virus surface antigen, Hepatitis C and HIV viruses’ antibody. Data was analyzed to assess the association between independent variables and Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV viruses’ sero-status. A total of 97 blood donors were examined for Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV viruses’ sero-status. Among 97 study participants, 6 blood donors were found to be sero- positive for HBsAg, giving the Sero-positivity of 6.2% for HBV. From the 6 sero-positive donors for HBV, 5 were males and 1 was female giving the prevalence of 5.95% and 7.7% respectively. Majority of them 2(33.3%) were found in age category of 28-32. Urban resident blood donors were more infected (6.8%) than rural residents (4.3%). Proportion of positive HBsAg was high among female than males and in individuals with multiple sexual partners and those individual who have exposure history of liver disease. The prevalence of HBV is considerably higher than HCV and HIV among blood donors at Nekemte Blood Bank. Thus, health education about the transmission, prevention and awareness of viral infections should be strengthened by all concerned bodies to tackle this problem.
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