Ecological Phytogeography

A Case Study of Commiphora Species

Authors

  • Teshome Soromessa Addis Ababa University

Keywords:

Commiphora, Ecological Ranges, Phytogeography

Abstract

The present paper stipulated phytogeography, ecological ranges, possible origin and migratory route of Commiphora Jacq. species. Data were gathered from the field, herbarium and secondary sources. Information on distribution, altitude and soil preferences were compiled and aggregated together. Phytogeographical aspect of the group has been analyzed using Brooks’s par parsimony analysis (1990) which was done by tabulating flora regions versus the species under consideration where the matrix has been filled as either presence or absence. The result of data on phytogeography showed three patterns of distribution. Based on t the plate tectonic theory, evolution and diversification of most angiosperm families into consideration, the origin of Commiphora has been discussed in details. It was recommended that the migratory route of Commiphora still requires further investigation a and needs to be corroborated with data on the age of the genus and that of the concept of plate tectonic theory.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Author Biography

Teshome Soromessa, Addis Ababa University

Center for Environmental Science, Addis Ababa University, Post Box No: 1176, Addis Ababa Ethiopia

References

Berg, O. (1862). Die Balsamodendron-Arten der Berliner Herbarien. Botanische Zeitung 21: 163-165.

Boulos, L. (2000). Burseraceae. Flora of Egypt, Geraniaceae-Boraginaceae (ed. by Boulos) 2: 68-69. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo, Egypt.

Breitenbach, F. Von. (1963). The Indigenous Trees of Ethiopia, 2nd edn. Ethiopian Forestry Association, Addis Ababa.

Brooks, D.R. (1990). Parsimony analysis in biogeography and coevolution: methodological and theoretical update. Systematic Zoology 39: 14-30.

Burtt, B.D. (1935). Observation on the genus Commiphora and its distribution in Tanganyika territory. Kew Bulletin 3: 101-117.

Chiovenda, E. (1932). Burseraceae. Flora Somala 2.

Modena: R. Orto Botanico.

Chithra, V. & Henry, A.N. (1997). Burseraceae. Flora of India, Malpighiaceae-Dichapetalaceae (eds. by Hajra, P.K., Nair, V.J. & Daniel, P), 4: 431-452. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.

Coleman, R.G., DeBari, S. & Peterman, Z. (1992). A-type granite and the Red Sea opening. Tectonophysics 204(1-2): 27-40.

Engler, A. (1898). Burseraceae Africanae II. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 26: 364-373.

Engler, A. (1904). Burseraceae Africanae III. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 34: 302-316.

Engler, A. (1910). Burseraceae Africanae IV. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 44: 137-155.

Engler, A. (1912). Burseraceae Africanae V. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik. Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 46: 289-292.

Engler, A. (1913). Die Verbreitung der Afrikanischen Burseraceen im Verhältnis zu ihrer systematischen Gliederung und die Einteilung der Gattung Commiphora. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 48: 443-

Engler, A. (1931). Burseraceae, Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien (eds. by Engler, A. and Prantl, K.), 19a: 405-456.

Gillett, J.B. (1980). Commiphora (Burseraceae) in South America and its relations to Bursera. Kew Bulletin 34 (4): 569-587.

Gillett, J.B. (1991). Burseraceae, Flora of Tropical East Africa (ed., by Polhill, R.M.), 1-94. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands.

Graham, A. (1985). Studies in neotropical paleobotany IV. The Eocene communities of Panama. Annals of the Missouri Botanic Garden 72: 504-534.

Graham, A. & Jarzen, D.M. (1969). Studies in neotropical paleobotany I. The Oligocene communities of Puerto Rico. Annals of the Missouri Botanic Garden 56: 308- 357.

Haegens, R. (2002). Taxonomy, phylogeny, and Biogeography of Baccaurea, Distichirhops, and Nothobaccaurea (Euphorbiaceae). Blumea 12: 1-218.

Harley, M.M. & Daly, D.C. (1995). Burseraceae Kunth, Protieae March. em. Engl. World Pollen and Spore Flora 20: 1-44.

Hedberg, I. & Edwards, S. (eds.) (1989). Flora of Ethiopia, Vol. 3. Pittosporaceae to Araliaceae. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia & Department of Systematic Botany, Uppsala University, Sweden.

Leenhouts, P.W. (1956). Burseraceae, Flora Malesiana (ed. by Van Steenis, C.G.G.J.), 5 (2): 209-296. Noordhoff-Kolff N.V., Djakarta.

Mesfin Abebe. (1998). Nature and Management of Ethiopian Soils. Published by Alemaya University of Agriculture, Ethiopia.

Möller, M. & Cronk, Q. C. B. (2001). Phylogenetic studies in Streptocarpus (Gesneriaceae): reconstruction of biogeographic history and distribution pattern. Systematic Geography of Plants 71: 545-555.

Muller, J. (1981). Fossil pollen records of extant angiosperms. Botanical Review 47: 1-142.

Pichi-Sermolli, R.E.G. (1957). Una carta geobotanica dell' Africa Orientale (Eritrea, Etiopia, Somalia). Webbia 13: 15-132.

Polhill, D. (1988). Flora of Tropical East Africa, Index of collection localities. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Whitstable Litho Printers, Ltd. Great Britain.

Rabinowitz, P.D., Coffin, M.F. & Falvey, D. (1983). The Separation of Madagascar and Africa. Science 220: 67-69.

Raven, H.P. & Axelrod, I. D. (1974). Angiosperm Biogeography and past continental movements. Annals of the Missouri Botanic Garden 61: 539-673.

Ridder-Numan, J. W. A. (1996). Historical Biogeography of Southeast Asian genus Spatholobus (Legum- Papilionoideae) and its allies. Blumea 10: 1-144.

Schuster, R.M. (1976). Plate tectonics and its bearing on the geographical origin and dispersal of Angiosperms. Origin and Early Evolution of Angiosperm (ed. by Beck, C. B.), 48-138. Columbia University Press, New York.

Sprague, T. A. (1927). Commiphora spp. Hooker’s Icones Plantarum, 2 t: 3105-3112.

Storey, M., Mahoney, J.J., Saunders, A.D., Duncan, R.A., Kelley, S.P. & Coffin, M.F. (1995). Timing of Hot Spot- Related Volcanism and Breakup of Madagascar and India. Science 267: 852-855.

Swofford; D. L. (2002). PAUP*. Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (* and other methods). Version 4. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts.

Tadiwos Cherinet, Hart, W.K., Aronson, J.L. & Walter,

R.C. (1998). New age constraints on the timing of volcanism and tectonism in the northern Main Ethiopia Rift-southern Afar transition zone (Ethiopia). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 80: 267-280.

Takhtajan, A. (1969). Flowering plants origin and dispersal. Oliver & Boyd: Edinburgh.

Tyalor, D.W. (1990). Paloebiogeogarphic relationships of Angiosperms from Cretaceous and Early Tertiary of the North American area. Botanical Review 56: 279- 417.

Teshome Soromessa (2005). Phylogentic study of NE and E Tropical African Commiphora species. Ethiopian Journal of Biological Science 4 (1): 27-58.

Teshome Soromessa (2006). A new species of Commiphora (Burseraceae) from Ethiopia. Ethiopian Journal of Biological Sciences 5(1): 1-8.

Thulin, M. (1999). Burseraceae, Flora of Somalia, Tiliaceae-Apiaceae (ed., by Thulin, M), 2: 183-228. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Turner, H. (1995). Cladistic and biogeographic analysis of Arytera Blume and Mischarytera gen. nov (Sapindaceae) with notes on methodology and a full taxonomic revision. Blumea 9: 1-230.

Ukstins, I.A., Renne, P.R., Wolfenden, E., Baker, J., Dereje Ayalew & Menzies, M. (2002). Matching conjugate volcanic rifted margins: 40Ar/30Ar chrono- stratigraphy of pre- and syn-rift bimodal flood volcanism in Ethiopia and Yemen. Earth Planet and Science Letter 198: 289-306.

van der Walt, J.J.A. (1973). The South African species of Commiphora. Bothalia 11 (1 & 2), 53-102.

van der Walt, J.J.A. (1975). The fruit of Commiphora.

Boissiera 24: 325-330.

van der Walt, J.J.A. (1986). Burseraceae, Flora of Southern Africa, Simaroubaceae-Malpighiacaea (ed. by Leistner, O.A.), 18 (3): 5-34. Botanical Research Institute, Department of Agriculture and Water Supply, Republic of South Africa.

Van Steenis, C.G.G.J. (1962). The land bridge theory in Botany with practical references to tropical plants. Blumea 11 (2): 235-372.

White, F. (1983). The vegetation of Africa. A descriptive memoir to accompany the UNESCO/AETFAT/UNSO vegetation map of Africa. UNESCO, Paris.

Wild, H. (1959). A revised Classification of the Genus Commiphora Jacq. Boletim Sociedade Broteriana 33: 67-95.

Wild, H. (1963). Burseraceae, Fl. Zambia (eds. by Exell, A.W., Fernandes, A. & Wild, H.), 2 (1): 263-285. Crown Agents for oversea Governments and Administrations, London.

Wild, H. (1965). Additional evidence for the African- Madagascar-India-Ceylon Land-Bridge Theory with special reference to the genera "Anisopappus" and Commiphora. Webbia 19: 497-505.

Downloads

Published

30.09.2013

How to Cite

Soromessa, T. (2013). Ecological Phytogeography: A Case Study of Commiphora Species. Journal of Science, Technology and Arts Research, 2(3), 93–104. Retrieved from https://journals.wgu.edu.et/index.php/star/article/view/546

Issue

Section

Original Research

Categories

Plaudit