Factors Determining the Adoption of Multiple Climate-Smart Agriculture by Smallholder Farmers: The Case of West Arsi Zone, Ethiopia
Keywords:
Climate-smart agriculture, Adoption, Intensity, Multivariate probit, West Arsi ZoneAbstract
Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is a promising solution to lessen the detrimental effects of climate change, but smallholder farmers in poor nations like Ethiopia are not fully adopting it. This study investigates variables that impact the espousal and degree of adoption of several CSA tactics, such as drought resistance, high-yielding improved cultivars, comprehensive disease, pest, and herb control, organic fertilizer, soil and water conservation, and crop diversification. Primary data were obtained from 404 smallholder farmers by employing interview schedules, focused group discussions, and key informant interviews. Descriptive statistics and econometric models were deployed in the data analysis. A study outcome revealed that 73.8% of farm households have adopted CSA practices, including drought-resistant cultivars, pest control, soil and water conservation, organic fertilizer, and crop diversification. Factors such as agro-ecology, family size, farm experience, tropical livestock units, access to credit, members of farmers group, awareness of climate change, access to training, soil fertility significantly impact farmers' adoption. The study's findings indicate that in order to enhance the adoption of CSA techniques among smallholder farmers in the West Arsi Zone and spread CSA practices throughout the nation, agricultural policymakers and CSA executioners should acknowledge the synergy between CSA methods.
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