Effects of Acidity on Growth and Symbiotic Performance of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae Strains Isolated from Faba Bean Producing Areas of Ethiopia
Keywords:
Acidity tolerance, Nodulation Nitrogen fixation, Vicia faba Rhizobium Faba beanAbstract
Faba bean is one of the legume crops commonly grown in Ethiopia. It is important source of dietary protein to the majority of population in the country. Soil acidity and related stresses are among the major yield limiting constraints for this crop. This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating acidity tolerance of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae strains isolated from faba bean growing regions of the country and their symbiotic performance under different acidic conditions. Four strains isolated from root nodules of faba bean were tested for tolerance to acidity in a defined liquid media. The results indicated that none of the tested strains was tolerant to pH 4.0 while two of them (AUFR46 and AUFR100) were found to be tolerant of pH 4.5. When tested at pH 5.0 only one isolate (AUFR58) was sensitive. The results of the present study also showed that all acid tolerant strains were recovered from highly acidic soil (4.8- 5.2) and the acid sensitive strain was isolated from neutral soil. A positive correlation (r= 0.92) was observed between minimum pH tolerated in culture media and pH of origin soil of the strains. Nodulation and nitrogen fixation abilities of these strains were evaluated on sand culture. The results indicated that at pH 4.5 and 5.0 nodulation was totally inhibited and only one isolate (AUFR58) could not be able to induce nodule formation on host plant roots at pH 5.5. The results also showed that acidity (pH 5.5) reduced shoot dry weight, nodules number, total nitrogen at a highly significant level (P<0.01) compared to plants grown at pH 6.5 and 7.0. In pot experiment with soil of different pH, inoculation of the rhizobial strains improved the growth, nodulation and nitrogen content of the plants significantly over the uninoculated controls. Besides, acid tolerant strains showed better performance over acid sensitive strains in acidic soils and thus, they are highly recommended for field test in acidic soil.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Achalu Chimdi., Heluf Gebrekidan., Kibebaw Kibret., Abi Tadesse. (2013). Changes in soil chemical properties as influenced by liming and its effects on barely grain yield on soils of different land use system of East Wollega, Ethiopia. World Applied Science Journal 24:1435-1441.
Anteneh Argaw. (2012). Characterization of rhizobia nodulating faba bean (Vicia faba L.) isolated from central Ethiopia. Research Journal of Microbiology 7: 280-296.
Asefa Keneni., Fassil Assefa., Prabu, P.C. (2010). Characterization of acid and salt tolerant rhizobial strains isolated from faba bean fields of Wollo, Northern Ethiopia. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 12: 365- 376.
Asfaw Telaye., Geletu Bejiga., Alem Berhe. (1994). Role of Cool season food legumes and their production constraints in Ethiopian agriculture. In: Asfaw Tilaye, Geletu Bejiga, Saxena, M.C. and Solh, M.B.(Eds), Cool seasons food legumes of Ethiopia,ICARDA (International center for Aricultural Rsearch in the Dry Areas,), Addis Ababa, Ethiopiapp3-19.
Asfaw Tilaye (1985). Faba bean in Ethiopia. FABIS News Letter 12: 3-4.
Ayanaba, A., Asanuma, S., Munns, D.N. (1983). An agar plate method for rapid screening of Rhizobium for tolerance to acid and aluminium stress. Soil Science Society of America Journal 47: 256-258.
Ayneabeba Adamu., Fassil Assefa., Endashaw Bekele. (2000). Studies of Rhizobium inoculation and fertilizer treatment on growth and production of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) in some yield-depleted and yield-sustained areas of Simen Shewa. SINET; Ethiopian Journal of Sciences 24:197-211.
Carte, J.M., Gardner, W.K., Gibson, A.H. (1994). Improved growth and yield of faba beans (Vicia faba CV. Fiord) by inoculation with strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae in acid soils in South West Victoria. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 45: 613-623.
Chen, H., Cartner, E., Rolfe, B.G. (1993). Involvement of genes on a megaplasmid in the acid tolerant phenotye of
Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 59: 1058-1064.
Chen, H., Richardson, A.E., Cartner, E., Diordjevic, M.A., Roughley, R.J., Rolfe, B.G. (1991). Construction of an acid tolerant Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii strain with enhanced capacity for nitrogen fixation. Appl Applied and Environmental Microbiology 57: 2005-2011.
Cooper, J.E., Wood, M., Bjourson, A.T. (1985). Nodulation of Lotus pendncuatus in acid rooting solution by fast- and slow-growing rhizobia. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 17:487-492.
CSA (Central Statistical Authority) (2011). Agricultural samples survey 2010/2011 (2003 E.C.): report on area and production of major crops. Volume I. Statistical Bulletin, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Del Papa, M.F., Balaque, L.J., Sowinski, S.C., Wegner, C., Segudo, E., Abrca, F.M., Toro, N., Nichaul, K., Puhler, A., Aguilar, O.M., Martinez-Drets, G., Lagares, A. (1999). Isolation and characterization of alfalfa nodulating rhizobia present in acidic soils of central Argentina and Uruguay. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65: 1420-1427.
Desta Beyene (1988). Biological nitrogen fixation research on grain legumes in Ethiopia. In:Beck,D.P. and Matrons, L.A. (Eds), Nitrogen fixation by legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture,Marthins Nijhoff Publishers, Dordorecht, Boston, Lancaster, pp73-78.
Desta Beyene., Angaw Tsige. (1989). Conserving mioorganisms in the soil. Soil science research in Ethiopia. Proceedings of the first soil science research review workshop. 11-14, February, 1986, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Evans, L.S., Lewin, K.F., Vella, F.A. (1980): Effect of nutrient medium pH on symbiotic nitrogen fixation by Rhizobium leguminosarum ad Pisum sativum. Plant Soil 56: 71-80.
Gibson, A.H. (1987). Evaluation of nitrogen fixation by legumes in thegreenhouse and growth chamber. In: Gibson AH (Ed), SymbioticNitrogen Fixation Technology, New York, Marcel Dekker, pp. 321-363.
Graham, P.H. (1992). Stress tolerance in Rizobium and Bradyrhizobium, and nodulation under adverse soil conditions. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 38: 475- 484.
Hartel, P.G., Bouton, J.H. (1991). Rhizobium meliloti inoculation of alfalfa selected for tolerance to acid, aluminum-rich soils. Plant and Soil 116: 283-285.
Howieson, J.G., Ewing, M.A. and D’Antuono, M.F. (1988) Selection for acid tolerance in Rhizobium meliloti. Plant and Soil 105: 179-188.
Jarvis, S. C., Obson, A.D. (1983). A comparison of the cation
- anion balance of ten cultivars of Trifoliu subterraneum L. and their effect on acidity. Plant and Soil 75: 235-243.
Lindstrom, K., Myllyniemi, H. (1987).Sensitivity of red clover rhizobia to soil acidity factors in pure culture and in symbiosis. Plant and Soil 98: 353-362.
Lindstrom, K., Sorsa, M., Polkuen,J., Kansaner, P. (1985). Symbiotic nitrogen fixation of Rhizobium (Galega) in acid soils, and its survival in soil under acidic and cold stress. Plant and Soil 87: 293-302.
Marschner, H. (1995). Mineral nutrition of higher plants.2nded. Harcourt science and Technology Company, New York, London, Sydney, Tokyo, Boston, pp. 889.
Mulissa Jida, Fassil Assefa (2011). Phenotypic and plant growth promoting characteristics of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae from lentil growing areas of Ethiopia. African Journal of Microbiology Research 5: 4133-4142.
Mulissa Jida, Fassil Assefa (2012). Phenotypic diversity and plant growth promoting characteristics of Mesorhizobium species isolated from chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) growing areas of Ethiopia. African Journal of Biotechnology 11: 7483-7493.
Ngeborg, I.I. (1986). Soil survey in state farms, Problems realized and proposals for further research work to solve the problems. Proceedings of the first soil science research review workshop 11-14 February, 1986. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Paulino, V.T., Olivares, J., Bedmar, E.J. (1987). Nodulation and nitrogenase activity of pea nodules as affected by low pH and aluminium. Plant and Soil 101: 299-302.
Sahlemedhin Sertsu, Taye Bekele (2000). Procedures for soil and plant analysis. Technical Paper. National Soil Research Center. Ethiopian Agricultural Research Organization, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Schubert, S., Schubert, E., Mengel, K. (1990). Effects of low pH of the root medium on proton release, growth and nutrient uptake of field beans (Vicia faba L.). Plant and Soil 124: 239-244.
Somasegaran, P., Hoben, H.J. (1994). Handbook for Rhizobia methods inLegume-Rhizobium Technology, springer Verlag, New York, USA.
Vassileva, V., Milanv, G., Ignatov, G., Nikolov, B. (1997). Effect of low pH on nitrogen fixation of common bean grown at various calcium and nitrate levels. Journal of Plant Nutrition 20:279-284.
Vincent, J.M. (1970). A manual for the practical study of root nodule bacteria. Blackwell Oxford, Edinburgh, UK, pp.164.
White, R.E. (1969). On the measurement of soil pH. Journal of the Australian Institute of Agricultural Science 35: 3-14.
Wood, M., Copper, J.E., Bjourson, A. J. (1988). Response of Lotus rhizobia to acidity and aluminium in liquid culture and in soil. Plant and Soil 107: 227-231.
Wood, S.M., Newcomb, W. (1989). Nodule morphogenesis: The early infection of alfalfa (Medicago sativa ) root hairs by Rhizobium meliloti. Canadian Journal of Botony 67: 3108-3122.
Yan, F., Schubert, S., Mengel, K. (1992). Effect of low root medium pH on net proton release, root respiration and root growth of con (Zea mays L) and broad bean (Vicia faba L.). Journal of Plant Nutrition 14:123-129.
Zahran, H.H. (1999). Rhizoium-legume symbiosis and nitrogen fixation under severe conditions and in arid climate. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 63: 968-989.
Zerihun Belay and Fassil Assefa (2011). Symbiotic and phenotypic diversity of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae from Northern Gondar, Ethiopia. African Journal of Biotechnology 10: 4372- 4379.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
License
Copyright (c) 2014 Journal of Science, Technology and Arts Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
STAR © 2023 Copyright; All rights reserved
