Prevalence of Cattle Trypanosomiasis in Selected Areas of Dugda Dawa District, Southern Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Abstract

Trypanosomosis is the most serious disease of cattle, which causes great socio- economic losses in the country. Across –sectional study design was used with objectives determining the prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis and associated risk factors in selected areas of Dugda Dawa district of Oromia Regional State, southern Ethiopia from September 2017 to January 2018. Buffy coat techniques for parasitological study were employed. A total of 384 cattle was randomly selected from the study population and examined for parasitological study. An overall prevalence of trypanosomosis in the study area was 13.8%. Out of positive cases, Trypanosoma congolense (7.5%) was the dominant trypanosome species followed by Trypanosoma vivax (6.2 %.). There was no a significant difference (P>0.05) in trypanosome infection between body condition, sex and peasant association. But there was a significant difference (p< 0.05) among age and PCV values. The prevalence of trypanosomosis on the bases of body condition was 4.9% for poor, 6.7% for medium and 2.2% for good body condition. The overall incidence of anemia was (36.8%) in current work and presence of anemia was higher in trypanosome positive animals (62.5%) than negative animals 34.3%. The overall mean PCV value for examined animals was 25.84 ± 0.252SE. The mean PCV value of parasitemic animals was found to be 23.22 ± 0.989SE which is significantly lower (P<0.05) than aparasitemic one which was 29.56± 0.252SE. Mean packed cell volume (PCV) of parasitaemic cattle (9.1%) was significantly (P<0.05) lower than that of aparasitemic cattle (90%). Generally, trypanosomosis is still causing constraints in the study area. Therefore, an integrated approach aiming at vector and parasite control should be implemented