Quality of Grain Maize Stored in Gombisa and Sacks in Selected Districts of Jimma Zone, Ethiopia
Keywords:
Agro-ecologies, Chemical composition, Gombisa, Maize grain quality, SackAbstract
Quality of maize grains (Variety: Bako Hybrid-660, BH-660) stored in two storage containers (Gombisa and Sacks) for 180 days was studied in two agro-ecologies: intermediate (IAE)- and lowland (LAE) of Jimma zone, Ethiopia. Crude protein, crude fat, dry matter, total carbohydrate and ash contents were influenced significantly by storage periods in Gombisa (p<0.05). Crude fat under LAE and ash under both agro- ecologies were also influenced by storage days (p<0.05). There was a significant (p<0.05) effect of storage containers on dry matter and total carbohydrates in the IAE whereas in LAE appeared insignificant (p>0.05). Grains stored in Gombisa under IAE showed significantly lower dry matter and total carbohydrate contents than in Sacks. The study showed maize grain quality deteriorations in Gombisa because of favorable moisture, relative humidity and temperature conditions for maize weevil (Sitophillus zeamais) and angoumois grain moth (Sitotroga cerealella) attacks during 180 days of storage.
Downloads
Metrics
References
AACCI (American Association of Cereal Chemists International). (2000). Approved Methods of the American Association of Cereal Chemists, 16th ed., American Association of Cereal Chemists, St Paul, MN.
Abebe, H.G. and Bekele, H. (2006). Farmers' post-harvest grain management choices under liquidity constraints and impending risks: Implications for achieving food security objectives in Ethiopia. Poster Paper Presented at International Association of Agricultural Economists Conference, Gold Coast, Australia, August 12-8.
AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists). (1995). Official Methods of Analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 16th ed., Vol. 1, INC, Virginia, USA.
Baidoo, P.K., Mochiah, M.B. and Owusu –Akyaw, M. (2010). Levels of infestation on three different portions of the maize cob by the weevil Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky). Journal of Science and Technology 30(3): 21-26.
Befikadu, D., Sori, W., Abera, S., Bultosa, G. and Madhav,
R.S. (2012). Influence of agro-ecologies, traditional storage containers and major insect pests on stored
maize (Zea mays L.) in selected woredas of Jimma Zone.
Asian Journal of Plant Sciences 11(5): 226-234.
Befikadu, D. (2011). Management Practices and Quality of Maize Stored in Traditional Storage Containers: Gombisa and Sacks in Selected Districts of Jimma, MSc. Thesis, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia.
CSA (Central Statistical Agency). (2013/14). Agricultural Sample Survey for 2013/14: Report on Area and Production of Major Crops for Private Peasant Holdings, Meher Season, Statistical Bulletin No 532, May 2014, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
De Groote, H., Kimenju, S.C., Likhayo, P., Kanampiu, F., Tefera, T., Hellin, J. (2013). Effectiveness of hermetic systems in controlling maize storage pests in Kenya. Journal of Stored Products Research 53: 27-36.
Eldrid, L.M., Vogt, G., Nilsson, A. and Frolich, W. (1995). Effects of storage and heat processing on the content and composition of free fatty acids in oats. Cereal Chemistry 72(l): 88-93.
Eticha, F. (1999). Insect pests of Farm-stored Sorghum in the Bako Area. PMJE 3 (1 and 2): 53-60.
FAO/NRI (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and Natural Resources Institute). (2011). Missing Food: The Case of Postharvest Grain Losses in Sub- Saharan Africa. Report No. 60371-AFR.The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank, NW, USA
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations), (2009). Agriculture and environment [online]. Rome. http://www.fao.org/ag/AGP/AGPC/doc/Counprof. htm. (Accessed on 12 October, 2009).
Fleurat-Lessard, F. (2004). Pest management. In Wrigley, C.,
H. Corke and C. E. Walker (Eds.) Encyclopedia of Grain Science, Vol. 3., Elsevier Ltd. UK: Oxford., pp: 244-254.
Haile, A. and Tolemariam, T. (2008). The feed values of indigenous multipurpose trees for sheep in Ethiopia: The case of Vernonia amygdalina, Buddleja polystachya and Maesa lanceolata [online]. Livestock Research for Rural Development 20(3), http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd20/3/
hail20045.htm. (Retrieved on 12 April 2011).
Ileleji, K.E., Maier, D.E. and Woloshuk, C.P. 2007. Evaluation of different temperature management strategies for suppression of Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky) in stored maize. Journal of Stored Products Research, 43: 480- 488.
Keba, T. and Sori, W. (2013). Differential resistance of maize varieties to maize weevil (Sitophillus zeamais Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) under laboratory conditions. Journal of Entomology 10(1): 1-12.
Kemeru, D. (2007). Farm Level Survey on Farm Tools and Implements in Jimma and Iluababor Zones: Agricultural mechanization for productivity and sustainable use of the natural resource, Proceedings of the first agricultural mechanization post harvest and food science research completed research forum, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, June 5-7, pp.177.
Kerstin, H., Ognakossan, K.E., Tonou, A.K., Lamboni, Y., Adabe, K.E. and Coulibaly, O. (2010). Maize Stored Pests Control by PICS-Bags: Technological and Economic Evaluation. 5th World Cowpea Conference in Saly, Senegal, 27 September -1 October 2010.
Lemessa, F., Bultosa, G. and Wakgari, W. (2000). Quality of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) stored in traditional underground pits: Case studies in two agro-
climatic zones in Hararghe, Ethiopia. Journal of Food Science and Technology 37(3): 238-244.
Monro, J. and Burlingame, B. (1996). Carbohydrates and related food compounds: INFOODS tagnames, meanings, and uses. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 9: 100–118.
Osipitan, A.A., Olaifa, O.K. and Lawal, O.A. (2012). Evaluation of proximate composition of maize grains infested by maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Munis Entomology and Zoology 7(1): 439-445.
Sánchez-Mariñez, R.I., Cortez-Rocha, M.O., Ortega-Dorame, F., Morales-Valdes, M. and Silveira, M.I. (1997). End-use quality of flour from Rhyzopertha dominica infested wheat. Cereal Chemistry 74(4): 481-483.
Sori, W. and Ayana, A. (2012). Storage pests of maize and their status in Jimma Zone, Ethiopia. African Journal of Agricultural Research 7(28): 4056-4060.
SDC (Swiss Agency for Development and Co-operation). (2008). Manual for Manufacturing Metal Silos for Grain Storage, Bern, Switzerland.
Tefera, T. (2012). Post-harvest losses in African maize in the face of increasing food shortage. Food Security 4: 267- 277.
Tefera, T., Kanampiu, F., De Groote, H., Hellin, J., Mugo, S., Kimenju, S., Beyene, Y., Boddupalli, P.M., Shiferaw, B. and Banziger, M. (2011a). The metal silo: An effective grain storage technology for reducing post-harvest insect and pathogen losses in maize while improving smallholder farmers’ food security in developing countries. Crop Protection 30:240-245
Tefera, T., Mugo, S. and Likhayo, P. (2011b). Effects of insect population density and storage time on grain damage and weight loss in maize due to the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais and the larger grain borer Prostephanus truncates. African Journal of Agricultural Research 6(10): 2249-2254.
Watson, S.A. (1987). Structure and composition. pp. 53-82. In: S.A. Watson, P.E. Ramstad (Eds.), Corn chemistry and technology. American Association of Cereal Chemists Inc., St. Paul, MN.
Yakubu, A. (2012). Reducing losses to maize stored on farms in East Africa using hermetic storage. Ph.D Dissertation Submitted to Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA, pp 270.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
License
Copyright (c) 2015 Journal of Science, Technology and Arts Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
STAR © 2023 Copyright; All rights reserved
