Egg Quality of Bovan Brown Pullets Fed Different Dietary Mixtures at Wallaga University

Authors

  • Temesgen Barsisa Wallaga University
  • Diriba Diba Wallaga University
  • Hasan Yusuf Wallaga University
  • Gemeda Duguma Wallaga University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20372/star.v9i3.01

Keywords:

Normal Maize, Quality Protein Maize, Sensory Evaluation, Sesbania Sesban

Abstract

The present study was conducted at Wallaga University, Nekemte campus, to examine the egg quality of Bovan brown chicken fed different treatment diets formulated from locally available feed ingredients. The study was conducted for about 26 weeks using 90 chicks (42 days old) raised at the campus who were randomly categorized into three treatments based on their body weight and each treatment had three 10 chicks. The experimental design employed was a   completely   randomized   design   (CRD).   The   three   treatments   are T1 = Quality Protein Maize (QPM) which is used as a source of essential amino acid + common salt + limestone powder; T2 = Normal maize + soybean grain which is used as the source of protein + common salt + limestone powder and T3 = Normal maize + common salt + limestone powder + Sesbania sesban (S. sesban) green leaf which was used as the source of protein. In the current study, the experimental diets had no significant influences (p>0.05) on eggshell weight, egg width, and egg shape index, except on egg shell thickness and egg length. The average egg weight for T1, T2, and T3 were 48.12g, 49.56g, and 47.41g, respectively. Egg-shape index values obtained were 70, 73, and 75 for T1, T2, and T3, respectively; and egg-shape index values of T2 and T3 of the current study had a normal shape. The average egg length obtained for T1, and T3 of the present study was 47.4, 46.3, and 41.7mm, respectively. The present study result indicated that albumen width was significantly (P<0.05) affected by treatment diets. However, other albumen traits were not influenced by the treatment diets. The experimental diets used in the present study had no significant effect (p>0.05) on yolk width, yolk height, yolk weight, and yolk index, except yolk color, Yolk index values ranging from 0.20 to 0.23 are reported in the current study, which is below the accepted yolk index values of 0.3 to 0.50 for fresh eggs. Generally, sensory preferences of egg quality and yolk color were improved by feeding quality protein maize (T1) compared to the other two treatment diets (T2 and T3). Thus, feeding quality protein maize (QPM) is suggested as a better feeding option for layers in the study areas with optimization of the treatment diets used to improve the sensory and physical egg quality attributes.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Author Biographies

Temesgen Barsisa, Wallaga University

Horro Guduru Livestock Research and Genetic Conservation Center, Wallaga University, P O. Box 395, Nekemte, Ethiopia

Diriba Diba, Wallaga University

Faculty of Agriculture, Wallaga University, P.O. Box 395, Nekemte, Ethiopia

Hasan Yusuf, Wallaga University

Faculty of Agriculture, , P.O. Box 395, Nekemte, Ethiopia

Gemeda Duguma, Wallaga University

School of Veterinary Medicine, Wallaga University, P. O. Box 395, Nekemte, Ethiopia

References

Abeke, F.O., Sekoni, A.A., Oni, O.O., Adeyinka, I.A. & Nwagu, B.I. (2008). Response of Shika–Brown pullet chicks and layers to homemade and commercial feeds in Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. Agro Science Journal of Tropical Agriculture, Food Environment and Extension, 7(3), 223 – 228.

Abera, M., Zemen W., & Yosef, T.G. (2012).Assessment of the prevailing handling and quality of egg from scavenging indigenous chickens reared in different agro-ecological zone of Ethiopia. Research journal of poultry science, 5(4-6), 64-70.

Ahmed, S. T., Islam, M. M., Mun, H. S., Sim, H. J., Kim, Y. J., & Yang, C. J. (2014). Effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens as a probiotic strain on growth performance, cecal microflora, and fecal noxious gas emissions of broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 93(8), 1963-1971.

Ajuwon K.M., Matanmi, O., & Daniyan, O. C. (2002). Effects of water sources and ascorbic acid supplementation on egg quality and production parameters of laying hens. Livestock Research For Rural Development, 6 (14). www.lrrd. org/ lrrd14/6/ajuw146.htm

Akanni, K. T., Peters S. O., Adebambo, O. A., Adebambo, F., & Omoare, A. M. (2008). Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of Nigeria Society for Animal.10–13.

Alkan, S., Galiç, A., Karslı, T., & Karabağ, K. (2014). Effects of egg weight on egg quality traits in partridge (Alectoris Chukar). Journal of Applied Animal Research, 43(4), 450–456.

Altamirano, W. (2005). Egg production of two breeds and three diets in the highlands of Bolivia.The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Copenhagen (MSc. Thesis).

AOAC (Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC). (1995). Standard compendium of laboratory methods for analyzing foods and related substances (6th edition)., Journal of AO AC International, 78, No. 3, p. 338.

Apuno, A. A., Mbap, S. T., & Ibrahim, T. A. T. (2011). Characterization of local chickens (Gallus domesticus) in Shelleng and Song Local Government Areas of Adamawa State, Nigeria. Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America, 2(1), 6–14.

Butcher, G, D., &. Miles, R.D. (2003). Factors affecting poor pigmentation of brown shelled egg. University of Florida. www.edis.ifas.ufl.edu.

Chukwuka, O. K., Okoli, I. C., Okeudo, N. J., Udedibie, A. B. I., Ogbuewu, I. P., Aladi, N. O., Iheshiulor, O. O. M., & Omede, A. A. (2010). Egg quality defects in poultry management and food safety. Asian Journal of Agricultural Research, 5(1), 1–16.

CSA, (2020). Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Central Statistics Authority, Agricultural sample survey. Report on livestock and livestock characteristics. Statistical Bulletin. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Demeke, S. (2004). Egg production performance of local and White Leghorn hens under intensive and rural household conditions in Ethiopia. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 16(2), www.lrrd.org/lrrd16/2/deme1602.htm

Dudusola, I. O. (2010). Comparative evaluation of internal and external qualities of eggs from quail and guinea fowl. International research journal of plant science, 1(5), 112-115.

Duman, M., Şekeroğlu, A., Yıldırım, A., Eleroğlu, A. N., & Camcı, Ö. (2016). Relation between egg shape index and egg quality characteristics. European Poultry Science/ Archiv für Geflüge lkunde, 80 (117). DOI: 10.1399/eps. 2016.117

FAO (Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations). (2003). Livestock sector brief, Ethiopia. Livestock information, sector analysis and policy branch, https://hubrural.org/IMG/pdf/ mali_fao_lsb_mli.pdf

FAOSTAT. (2016). FAO Statistical data base, access in July, 2016. www.fao.org/ faostat/en

Fayeye, T. R., Adeshiyan, A. B., & Olugbami, A.A. (2005). Egg traits, hatchability and early growth performance of the Fulani-ecotype chicken. Livestock research for rural development,17, 94. www.lrrd.org/lrrd17/8/faye17094.htm

Garba, S., Jibir, M., & Omojola, A. B. (2010). Egg quality of commercial laying hens fed diets with increasing substitution levels of metabolizable energy of pearl millet for corn. Energy, 1, T2.

GLEAM (2016). Global Livestock Environmental Assessment Model. FAO, Rome./www.fao.org/climatechange

Harms, R. H., & Hussein, S. (1993). Variations in Yolk: Albumen Ratio in Hen Eggs from Commercial Flocks. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 2(2), 166–170.

Haugh, R. R. (1937). The Haugh unit for measuring egg quality. United States Egg Poultry Magazine, 43, 552-555.

Ihekoronye, A. I., & Ngoddy, P. O. (1985). Integrated food science and technology for the tropics. Macmillan. www.cabdirect.org

Jacob, J. P., Miles, R. D., & Mather, F. B. (2000). Egg quality. Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida,24,1-11.

Keshavarz, K. (1987). Influence of feeding a high calcium diet for various durations in prelaying period on growth and subsequent performance of white leghorn pullets. Poultry Science, 66(10), 1576-1582.

Ketelaere, B. D., Govaerts, T., Coucke, P., Dewil, E., Visscher, J., Decuypere, E., & Baerdemaeker, J. D. (2002). Measuring the eggshell strength of 6 different genetic strains of laying hens: techniques and comparisons. British poultry science, 43(2), 238-244.

Khan, M. K. I., Khatun, M. J., & Kibria, A. K. M. G. (2004). Study the quality of eggs of different genotypes of chickens under semi-scavenging system at Bangladesh. Pakistan Journal of Biological Science, 7(12), 2163-2166.

Lishan, T. (2017). Study on the meat and egg quality of different chicken breeds at Debrezeit Agricultural Research Center (MSc. Thesis), Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu, Ethiopia.

Madubuike, F. N., & Obidimma, V. N. (2009). Brewer’s dried grain as energy source on external and internal egg qualities of laying hens. In Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the Nigerian society of Animal Production, 34, 362-365.

Monira, K., Salahuddin, M., & Miah, G. (2003). Effect of breed and holding period on egg quality characteristics of chicken. International Journal of Poultry Science, 2, 261-263.

National Research Council. (1994). Nutrient requirements of poultry: 1994. National Academies Press.

Nebiyu, Y.A. (2016). Assessment of urban poultry production practices in Addis Ababa with emphasis on egg production, product marketing, feed quality and managements. [Doctoral thesis. Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa. Ethiopia].

Ojo, V., Ayorinde, K. L., & Fatoki, H. O. (2019). Relationship between body weight and some egg production trait in the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). Nigerian Society Experimental Biology Journal, 11(1),89-94.

Okeudo, N. J., Onwuchekwa, C. I., & Okoli, I. C. (2003). Effect of oil treatment and length of storage on the internal quality, organoleptic attributes and microbial profile of chicken eggs. Tropical Animal Production Investigations, 6, 63-70.

Olawumi, S.O. & Ogunlade, J.T. (2008). Phenotypic correlations between some external and internal egg quality traits in the exotic Isa brown layer breeders. Asian Journal Poultry Science, 2(1), 30-35.

Panagiota, F., Efterpi, C., Ilias, G., Eleftherios, B., Ioannis, S., Anastasios, T., Athina, T., & Jian, P. (2014). Alternative protein sources to soybean meal in pig diets. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 12 (2), 655-660.

SAS, (2008). SAS Users Guide: Statistics, Version 9.1. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC. www. support.sas.com.

Tadesse, D., Esatu, W., & Girma, M. (2015). Comparative study on some egg quality traits of exotic chicken in different production systems in East Shewa, Ethiopia. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 10, 1016-1021.

TSS. (1999). Technical Services and Supplies, QCD instrument Range Manual. York, England, Version 2.1- Release 27E7. www.tss-york.com

Wideman, R. F., Closser, J. A., Roush, W. B., & Cowen, B. S. (1985). Urolithiasis in pullets and laying hens: role of dietary calcium and phosphorus. Poultry science, 64(12), 2300-2307.

Wiseman, J. (1987). Feeding of Non-Ruminant livestock. In Elsevier eBooks. https://doi.org/10.1016/c2013-0-00782-7

Yenice, G., Kaynar, O., Ileriturk, M., Hira, F., & Hayirli, A. (2016). Quality of eggs in different production systems. Czech Journal of Food Sciences, 34(4), 370-376.

Downloads

Published

27.09.2020

How to Cite

Barsisa, T., Diba, D., Yusuf, H., & Duguma, G. (2020). Egg Quality of Bovan Brown Pullets Fed Different Dietary Mixtures at Wallaga University. Journal of Science, Technology and Arts Research, 9(3), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.20372/star.v9i3.01

Issue

Section

Original Research

Categories

Plaudit