Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Bacterial Isolates in Mastitis cases in Nekemte Town Dairy Farms, Western Oromia, Ethiopia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20372/star.v13i1.06Keywords:
Antibiotic Susceptibility, Bovine, Dairy Farm, Mastitis, Nekemte, PrevalenceAbstract
A study in Nekemte town screened 383 nursing cows to determine the frequency and antibiotic susceptibility of bovine mastitis, a common dairy cattle infection. The research aimed to identify factors contributing to economic losses and poor milk quality. The study found that 48.30% of lactating cattle tested positive for mastitis, with 132 being subclinical and 53 being clinical. Out of 1532 quarters examined, 42 were blind, and 149 had sub-clinical and 79 clinical mastitis. Mastitis was linked to factors like milking mastitic cows last, cleaning the udder, age, tick infestations, and using a towel to dry teat. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common bacterial species, accounting for 81 (35.53%). Of these, 81 (100%), 78 (96.3%), and 75 (92.59%) were very susceptible to gentamycin, penicillin, and chloramphenicol, whereas 4 (4.94%) and 5 (6.17%), respectively, showed strong resistance to ampicillin and streptomycin. The study found that E. coli bacteria were most effective against chloramphenicol (43.68%), streptomycin (43.89%), and gentamycin (44.67%). Streptococcus agalactiae bacteria were most resistant to vancomycin, tetracycline, and ampicillin. Of the 46 isolates, 20.18% were highly effective against gentamycin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, penicillin, tetracycline, and streptomycin. Further molecular-based identification is needed due to high mastitis incidence in dairy cattle.
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