Evaluation of quality protein maize hybrids for yield, association of yield with its components and other agronomic traits at Bako, Ethiopia
Keywords:
Quality protein maize, Variability, Correlation, Genotypes, Traits, HeritabilityAbstract
Maize is an important food, feed, as well as raw material for producing high-quality protein and carbohydrates products in Africa including Ethiopia. The study was initiated with the objectives to evaluate quality protein maize pipeline varieties in terms of yield and yield related traits, and to investigate association of yield with its components and other desirable traits at Bako. Eighteen genotypes were planted in randomized complete block design with three replications. Highly significant difference were observed among the genotypes to 50% male flowering, days to 50% female flowering, maturity date, ears length and grain yield. Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher in magnitude than the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) in respect to all the characters: The character leaf area index, grain yield, 100 seed weight showed moderate PCV and GCV. Whereas male flowering date, female flowering date, days to maturity, plant height, ears height, ears diameter, number of kernel rows, and number of kernel ears showed low PCV and GCV. Heritability in broad sense was higher for male flowering date, female flowering date, days to maturity, plant height, grain yield, hundred seed weight and ears length. However, low heritability was recorded for leaf area index, number of kernel per ears and ears diameters. Based on variability study genotype BH540, BH542, BH543, Kuleni2, and Obta, were identified as early in maturity; hence these can be used for developing early maturing genotypes. In present studies genotypic and phenotypic correlation of seed yield was positive and significantly related with, Leaf area index, Number of kernel per rows. This suggests that while selecting for improvement in seed yield is performed, this character can be kept in mind provided that the character should show high variability, which is the basis for selection to develop good quality protein maize. Improvement in seed yield could be achieved by direct or indirect selection for high grain yielding genotypes or for yield components positively associated to yield. It is expected that better performing varieties could be generated to increase productivity in Quality protein maize cultivars basically.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Alemu, D.M., Wangi, W., Nigussie, M., Spielman, D.J. (2008). The maize seed system in Ethiopia: Challenges and opportunities in drought prone areas. African Journal of Agricultural Research 3(4): 305-314.
Allard, R.W.( 1960). Principles of Plant Breeding. John Willey and Sons, New York. 485p.
Aquino, P., Carrion, F., Calvo, R. and Flores, D. (2001). Selected maize statistics. In: Pingali, P.L. (ed.). 2001. CIMMYT 1999-2000 World Maize Facts and Trends. Meeting world maize needs: Technological opportunities and priorities for the public sector. Mexico.
Byerlee, D., Spielman, D.J., Alemu, D., Gautam, M. (2007). Policies to Promote Cereal Intensification in Ethiopia: A Review of Evidence and Experience. IFPRI discussion paper no. 707. Washington, DC: IFPRI.
Burton, G.W. and de vane, E.H. (1953). Estimating heritability in Tall Fescue (Festuca Arundinacea) from replicated clonal material. Agronomy Journal 45: 481-487.
Deshmukh, S.N., Basu M.S. and Reddy, P.S. (1986) Genetic variability, character association and path coefficient analysis of quantitative traits in Virginia bunch varieties of groundnut. Indian Journal of Agricultural Science 56:816- 821.
Falconer, D.S. and Mackay, F.C. (1996). Introduction to Quantitative Genetics. Longman, New York. 464p.
FAO. (2007). Statistical Databases.[online]. Available at: http://faostat.fao.org/default.aspx. Accessed 1 July, 2007.
Girma Abebe., Teshale Assefa., Hussen Harrun., Tewodrose Mesfine and Abdel-Rahman, M., Tawaha, A.l. (2005). Participatory Selection of Drought Tolerant Maize Varieties using Mother and Baby Methodology: A Case Study in the Semi Arid Zones of the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences 1(1):22- 27.
Johnson, H.W., Robinson, H.F. and Comstock, R.E. (1955a). Estimates of genetic and environmenta variability in soybeans. Agronomy Journal 47:314-318.
Robinson, D.C.,. Comstock R.E and Harvey, P.H. (1955). Genetic variances in open pollinated corn. Genetics 40: 45-60.
SAS Institute. (2004). The SAS System for Windows Release
01. SAS Institute INC., Cary, NC.
Sastri, A.B.( 1974). Path analysis of yield components in Tobacco. Indian Journal of Genetics 34: 57-58.
Singh, U., Jambunathan, R., Saxena, K., Subrahmanyam, N. (1990). Nutrition quality evaluation of newly developed high-protein genotypes of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan). Journal of the Science of Food & Agriculture, 50:201-209.
Tilahun Mulatu and Tacoma Regassa. (1987). Nazret mixed farming diagnostic survey report: Shewa Region. Research Report No. 2, IAR, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Upadhyay, S.R., Gurung, D.B., Paudel, D.C., Koirala, K.B., Sam, S.N., Prasad, R.C., Pokhrel, B.B., Dhakal,
R. (2009). Evaluation of Quality Protein Maize (QPM) Genotypes under rainfed mid hill environments of Nepal. Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 10:9-14.
Vasal, S.K. (2000). The quality protein maize story. Food and Nutrition Bulletin 21: 445-450.
Zhai and Shao-Wei. (2002). Nutritional evaluation and utilization of quality protein maize Zhong Dan 9409 in laying hen feed. MSc Thesis, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China, Northwestern Agricultural and Forestry University of Science and Technology, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China. (M.Sc.thesis).
Yucel, D.O., Anlarsal, A.E. and Yucel, C. (2006). Genetic variability, correlation and path analysis of yield and yield components in chickpea. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 30:183-188.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
License
Copyright (c) 2015 journal of Science, Technology and Arts Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
STAR © 2023 Copyright; All rights reserved