Response of Groundnut (Arachis Hypogaea L.) To Liming and Phosphorus Rates at Haro Sabu, Western Ethiopia
Keywords:
Biomass, Growth, Interaction, Yield, Yield ComponentsAbstract
Soil acidity and phosphorus deficiency are the major yield limiting factors to crop production in Haro Sabu area, western Ethiopia. Thus, a field experiment was carried out in 2014 main cropping season to assess the effect of lime and phosphorus rates on yield and yield components of groundnut. The treatments were factorial combination of five rates of phosphorus (0, 11.5, 23, 46, 57.5 kg P2O5) and four rates of lime (CaCO3) (0, 2.25, 3 and 3.75 tons ha-1) in randomized complete block design and replicated three times. Groundnut variety ‘Jimma’ was used as a testing material. The main effect of phosphorus and lime showed a significant effect on the number of mature pods per plant, biomass yield, dry pod yield, shelling percentage and seed yield. Phosphorus rate of 57.5 kg P2O5 ha-1 gave the highest number of mature pods per plant (13.28), biomass yield (6918.4 kg ha-1) while lime rate of 3 tons and 3.75 tons ha-1 gave the highest number of mature pods per plant (14.92) and biomass yield (6997.9 kg ha-1) , respectively. In other cases, phosphorus rate of 23 kg P2O5 ha-1 gave the highest dry pod yield (2389.49 kg ha-1 and seed yield (1701.39 kg ha-1). Number of effective nodule per plant, leaf area index, number of total pods per plant and number of peg per plant were significantly affected by phosphorus and lime interactions. The highest leaf area index (5.44) and number of peg per plant (42.27) were obtained from the combination of 46 kg P2O5 and 3.75 tons ha-1 lime and 46 kg P2O5 and 3 tons ha-1 lime, respectively. Maximum seed yield was recorded from the main effects at phosphorus rate of 23 kg P2O5 ha-1 and lime rate of 3 tons ha-1 for the yield of groundnut. From this, it can be concluded that groundnut of Jimma variety can be planted at the phosphorus rate of 23 kg P2O5 and lime rate of 3 tons ha-1 in Haro Sabu area to attain maximum yield. However, further research is required in similar areas over years to give recommendations for Groundnut production in western Ethiopia.
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