Field Management of Anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) in Common Bean through Foliar Spray Fungicides and Seed Treatment Bioagents
Keywords:
Bioagents, Folpan, Pseudomonas, fluorescens, Mancolaxyl, seed treatmentAbstract
Common bean anthracnose is a major production constraint in bean growing regions of Ethiopia. This study aimed to determine whether foliar sprays of mancozeb, folpan and mancolaxyl or antagonistic bioagents; Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma viride and Pseudomonas fluorescens could reduce anthracnose symptoms and consequently, increase yield and yield components. A total of seven treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Statistical analysis showed significant differences among treatments. Anthracnose incidence, severity, infected pods per plant and the area under disease progress curve were highest in the control plots compared to the fungicide sprayed and bioagent treated seed plots. The highest percentage of infected pods per plant, 78.9 and 55 were recorded on the control and mancozeb sprayed plots respectively. The highest AUDPC value resulted in the lowest yield of 1.01 t/ha in the control plots compared to a highest yield of 3.33 t/ha from the sprayed plots with folpan and 1.79 t/ha from plots treated with Pseudomonas fluorescens. Relative yield losses of 69.67, 46.25 and 22.82% were recorded from the control, seed treated plots with P. fluorescens and sprayed plots with mancolaxyl respectively. Economic analysis revealed that the highest rate of return of 8,740 was obtained from Pseudomonas fluorescens seed treatment and the highest net benefit; 43,154 on folpan foliar spray treatment. The results of the present study support the novel possibility of using folpan foliar spray and Pseudomonas fluorescens seed treatments to decrease anthracnose symptoms in bean plants and consequently, achieve greater yield.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Amin, M., Ayalew, A., Dechassa, N. and Negeri, M. (2013). Effect of Integrated Management of Anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) on Plant and Seed Health of Common Bean in Hararge Highlands, Ethiopia. Journal of Science and Sustainable Development 1(1): pp.1-19
Campbell, C.L. and Madden, L.V. (1990). Introduction to Plant Disease Epidemiology. Jhon Wiley and Sons, New York.
Central Statistical Authority (CSA) (2010). Area under production of major crops. Statistical Bulletin.245, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
CIMMYT (1988). Farm agronomic data to farmer’s recommendations: a training manual completely revised edition. International maize and wheat center, Mexico.
Conner, F.A., Kiehn1, S.J., Park, H.H. and Muendel (2001). Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon
El-Mohamedy, R.S.R., El-Samad, A., Hoda, A.M., Habib,
T.S.H and El-Bab. (2011). Effect of using biocontrol agents on growth, yield, head quality and root rot control in Broccoli plants. International Journal of Academic Research 3: 71-80.
Fernandez, M., Casares, A., Rodr´ıguez, R. and Fueyo M. (2000). Bean germplasm evaluation for anthracnose resistance and characterization of agronomic traits: a new physiological strain of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum infecting Phaseolus vulgaris L. in Spain. Euphytica114:143-149.
Habtu, A., Ivan, S. and Zadoks J.C. (1996). Survey of cropping practices and foliar disease of common beans in Ethiopia. Crop Protection15: 179-186.
Hernandez, A., Hernandez, A.N., Velazquez, M.G., Bigiramana, Y., Audenaert, K. and Hofte M. (2004). Rhizobacteria application to induce resistance in the plant-pathogen systems, bean-Colletotrichum lindemuthianum and tomato-Botrytis cinerea. Mexican Journal of Phytopathology 22: 100-106.
Jerger, M.J. (2004). Analysis of disease progress as a basis for evaluating disease management practices. Annual Review of Phytopathology 42 61-82.
Jerger, M.J., Termorshuizen, A.J., Nagtzaam, M.P.M. and Van den Bosch, F. (2004). The effects of spatial distributions of mycoparasites on biocontrol efficacy: a modeling approach. Biocontrol Science and Technology 14:359-373.
Johnston, S.A. (1986). Fungicide and Nematicide Update: Current Status of Fungicide Testing on Vegetable Crops. The American Phytopathological Society 70(30): 266.
Kloepper, J.W. and Schroth, M.N. (1981). Development of a powder formulation of rhizobacteria for inoculation of potato seed pieces. Phytopathology 71: 590-592.
Kutangi, E., Farrow, A., Mutuoki, T., Gebeyehu, S., Karanja, D., Alemayehu F., Sperlin, L., Beebe S., Rubyogo, J.C. and Buruchara, R. (2010). Improving common bean productivity: An Analysis of socioeconomic factors in Ethiopia and Eastern Kenya. Baseline Report Tropical Legumes II. Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical-CIAT. Cali, Colombia.
Marcinkowska, J.Z. and Borucka, K. (2001). Colletotrichum lindemuthianum in Phaseolus vulgaris seeds. Plant Breeding and Seed Sciences 45(2):59- 64.
National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS). 2013. Crops and Plants [Online]; USDA-NASS: Washington, DC, USA, 2012. Available online: http://www.nass.usda.gov/ (accessed on 6 May 2013).
Padder, B.A., Sharma, P.N., Kapil, R., Pathania, A. and Sharma O.P. (2010). Evaluation of Bioagents and Biopesticides against Colletotrichum lindemuthianum and its Integrated Management in Common Bean. Notulae Scientia Biologicae 2(3): 72-76.
Pest Management Regulatory Agency (PMRA) (2008). Folpan 50 WP (Folpate) Fungicide Commercial. Makhteshim Agan of North America Inc.
SAS institute Inc. (2002). SAS/ stat guide for Personal Computer. Version, 9.1.3 editions. SAS Institute Inc., Carry, NC.
Sharma, P.N., Sharma, O.P., Padder, B.A. and Kapil, R. (2008). Yield loss assessment in common bean due to bean anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) under sub temperate conditions of north-western Himalayas. Indian Phytopathology 61(3): 323-330.
Smith, V.L., Campbell, C.L., Jenkins, S.F. and Benson,
D.M. (1988). Effects of host density and number of disease foci on epidemics of southern blight of processing carrot. Phytopathology. 78:595-600.
Tesfaye, B. (1997). Loss assessment study on haricot bean due to Anthracnose. Pest Management Journal of Ethiopia 1: 69-72.
Tesfaye, B. (2003). Biology and control of bean anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) in Ethiopia. Ph.D. Thesis, South Africa, Free State University.
Tesfaye, B. and Pretorius, Z.A. (2005). Seed treatment and foliar application of fungicide for the control of bean anthracnose. Pest Management Journal of Ethiopia 9: 57-62.
Wheeler, J.B.E.J. (1969). An Introduction to Plant Diseases. Wiley, London, 347 pp.
Xu, X.M. and Ridout, M.S. (1998). Effects of initial epidemic conditions, sporulation rate and spore dispersal gradient on the spatio-temporal dynamics of plant disease epidemics. Phytopathology 88:1000- 1012.
Yesuf, M. (2005). Seed Borne Nature of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum and its Epidemic on Common Beans in the Major Bean Growing Areas of Ethiopia.A PHD Thesis in Tropical Agriculture. Graduate School, Kasetsart University.
Yesuf, M. and Sangchote, S. (2005). Seed Transmission and Epidemics Colletotrichum lindemuthianum in the major common bean growing areas of Ethiopia. Kasetsart Journal (Natural Sciences) 39: 34-45.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
License
Copyright (c) 2014 Journal of Science, Technology and Arts Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
STAR © 2023 Copyright; All rights reserved
