Retrospective Study on Occurrence of Rabies Cases in Human in and Around Jimma Zone, Oromia Ethiopia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20372/star.v7i3.03Keywords:
Health center, Jima town, Rabies, Retrospective, , post-exposure, prophylaxisAbstract
Rabies, a viral disease that affects all warm-blooded animals, is widespread in many regions of the world. It is one of the oldest known and most feared diseases recognized since the early period of civilization. Human rabies, transmitted by dogs is an important public health issue in Ethiopia. A retrospective study was conducted from November 2015 to May, 2016 in Jimma Town Health Center on recorded rabies suspected cases to assess the status of suspected rabies cases in humans in Jimma zone and surrounding areas since its status after 2012 is unknown in this zone. According to the recorded cases from 2013-May to May 2016 years 2223 suspected humans were used post-exposure prophylaxis for rabies at this Health Center. The highest (62%) and the lowest (0.3%) number of cases were recorded from Jimma town and Xiro afeta districts of Jimma zone respectively. Most of these cases 2155(96.9%) were due to bite of dogs and the majorities 1173(52.8%) of the victims were children with less than 15 years old and 1378 (66.8%) of cases were from town areas. There were statistically significant (P=0.00) variation in the occurrence of the cases with respect to religion category, season, source of exposure, affected body part and districts of Jimma zone. Stray dog population increment and lack of control center, lack of awareness about pre-exposure vaccination for owned dog and scarcity of rabies vaccine in the local veterinary service and lack of post -exposure prophylaxis at district health center was the main problem encountered. Therefore, Awareness creation to dog owners concerning pre -exposure vaccination and provision of post exposure prophylaxis to all district health centers is essential to control and prevent this disease from the study area.
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