Management of Wheat Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp tritici) through Fungicides Spray Frequencies in Southern Ethiopia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20372/star.v10i2.01Keywords:
AUDPC, Bread wheat, Grain yield, Severity, Stem rustAbstract
The most impressive wheat disease that causes substantial yield losses in Ethiopia is Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici stem rust. The 2020 growing season at Mareko and Dalocha examined the influence of fungicide spray frequency on bread wheat disease and yield characteristics under natural infection. Nativo SC 300 (Trifloxystrobin 100 g/l + Tebuconazole 200 g/l) at 0.75 l/ha and Tilt® 250EC (propiconazole) at 0.5 l/ha were field tested with three spraying frequencies in a randomised full block design with three replications. Unsprayed controls were included for maximum rust severity comparisons. Frequent fungicide application significantly reduced terminal rust severity, average infection coefficient, and AUDPC values of stem rust (P<0.05). Compared to untreated check plots, both fungicide-treated plots showed significantly greater thousand kernel weight and grain yield (p < 0.05). Additionally, Nativo SC 300 maximizes grain output and reduces stem rot across sites. TRS, ACI, and AUDPC were negatively correlated with grain yield, TKW, and kernel per spike (r = -0.85** to r = -0.33**). Nativo SC 300 (Trifloxystrobin 100 g/l + Tebuconazole 200 g/l) applied three times at a 10-day interval yields the largest net benefit and is the best management method to increase grain yield or output amount.
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