Antifungal Activity of Parmotrema tinctorum (Delise ex Nyl.) Hale and Parmotrema cristiferum (Taylor) Hale Against Seed Mycoflora
A Comparative Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4314/star.v5i1.12Keywords:
Lichens, Parmotrema, Antifungal, Poisoned food technique, Seed mycofloraAbstract
Lichens are composite organisms comprising of a photobiont and a mycobiont. Studies have shown that extracts and secondary metabolites from lichens exhibit various bioactivities. The present study evaluates antifungal potential of crude methanolic extract of two corticolous Parmotrema species viz. Parmotrema tinctorum (Delise ex Nyl.) Hale and Parmotrema cristiferum (Taylor) Hale against a panel of fungi isolated from seeds of maize and groundnut. Extraction of powdered lichens was carried out by maceration process using methanol. Antifungal activity was evaluated by poisoned food technique. Both extracts were effective in causing dose dependent inhibition of radial growth of test fungi in poisoned plates. Among lichens, marked inhibitory activity was shown by P. cristiferum. At 1mg/ml concentration, P. cristiferum displayed an inhibition of >50% of all test fungi. The antifungal activity of two Parmotrema species against seed mycoflora could be ascribed to the presence of secondary metabolites in extracts.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Agbor, A.M. (2015). Methanol extracts of medicinal plants used for oral healthcare in Cameroon. Biochemistry and Pharmacology 4: 164.
Al-Aksar, A.A.A. (2012). In vitro antifungal activity of three Saudi plant extracts against some phytopathogenic fungi. Journal of Plant Protection 52(4): 458-462.
Al-Reza, S.M., Rahman, A., Ahmed, Y., Kang, S.C. (2010). Inhibition of plant pathogens in vitro and in vivo with essential oil and organic extracts of Cestrum nocturnum
L. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 96: 86-92.
Awasthi DD. A compendium of the macrolichens from India, Nepal and Sri Lanka. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun, 2007.
Babiah, P.S., Upreti, D.K., John, S.A. (2014). An in vitro analysis of antifungal potential of lichen species Parmotrema reticulatum against phytopathogenic fungi. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 3(12): 511-518.
Bahraminejad, S., Amiri, R., Ghasemi, S., Fathi, N. (2013). Inhibitory effect of some Iranian plant species against three plant pathogenic fungi. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences 5(9): 1002-1008.
Candan, M., Yılmaz, M., Tay, T., Erdem, M., Türk, A.Ö. (2007). Antimicrobial activity of extracts of the lichen Parmelia sulcata and its Salazinic acid constituent. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 62c: 619-621.
Chandra, M., Mahesh, N.M. (2013). Antifungal activity of medicinal plant extracts against seed-borne pathogenic fungi. Acta Biologica Indica 2(2): 481-483.
Chang, H., Cheng, Y., Wu, C., Chang, S., Chang, T., Su, Y. (2008). Antifungal activity of essential oil and its constituents from Calocedrus macrolepis var. formosana Florin leaf against plant pathogenic fungi. Bioresource Technology 99: 6266-6270.
Devi, A.B., Mohabe, S., Reddy, M., Nayaka, S. (2015). Efficacy of a potential lichen Parmotrema andinum (Müll. Arg.) Hale against pathogenic microorganisms. Journal on New Biological Reports 4(2): 149-156.
Divakar, P.K., Upreti, D.K. Parmelioid lichens in India. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun, 2005.
Goel, M., Dureja, P., Rani, A., Uniyal, P.L., Laatsch, H. (2011). Isolation, characterization and antifungal activity of major constituents of the Himalayan lichen Parmelia reticulata Tayl. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 59: 2299-2307.
Halama, P., Van Haluvin, C. (2004). Antifungal activity of lichen extracts and lichenic acids. BioControl 49(1): 95- 107.
Jayalal, U., Divakar, P.K., Joshi, S., Oh, S., Koh, Y., Hur, J. (2013). The lichen genus Parmotrema in South Korea. Mycobiology 41(1): 25-36.
Karabulut, G., Ozturk, S. (2015). Antifungal activity of Evernia prunastri, Parmelia sulcata, Pseudevernia furfuracea var. furfuracea. Pakistan Journal of Botany 47(4): 1575-1579.
Karunaratne, V., Bombuwela, K., kathirgamanathar, S., Thadhani, V.M. (2005). Lichens: A chemically important biota. Journal of National Science Foundation Sri Lanka 33(3): 169-186.
Kekuda, P.T.R., Ramesh, D., Ramesh, D., Mesta, S.C., Onkarappa, R., Vinayaka, K.S. (2015). Radical scavenging, antmicrobial and insecticidal efficacy of Parmotrema cristiferum and Dirinaria applanata. Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal 4(1): 95-102.
Kekuda, P.T.R., Vivek, M.N., Kambar, Y., Manasa, M. (2014). Biocontrol potential of Parmotrema species against Colletotrichum capsici isolated from anthracnose of chilli. Journal of Biological and Scientific Opinion 2(2): 166-169.
Kowalski, M., Hausner, G., Piercey-Normore, M.D. (2011). Bioactivity of secondary metabolites and thallus extracts from lichen fungi. Mycoscience 52(6): 413-418.
Michlig, A., Ferraro, L.I., Elix, J.A. (2014). A new species of the lichen genus Parmotrema from Argentina (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota). Phytotaxa 191(1): 172-176.
Molnár, K., Farkas, E. (2010). Current results on biological activities of lichen secondary metabolites: A review. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 65c: 157-173.
Nanayakkara C, Bombuwela K, Kathirgamanathar S, Adikaram NKB, Wijesundara DSA, Hariharan GN, Wolseley P, Karunaratne V. (2005). Effect of some lichen extracts from Sri Lanka on larvae of Aedes aegypti and the fungus Cladosporium cladosporioides. Journal of National Science Foundation Sri Lanka 33(2): 147-149.
Orange, A., James, P., White F.J. Micro-chemical methods for the Identification of lichens. London. British Lichenology Society, 2001.
Punja, Z.K., Utkhede, R.S. (2003). Using fungi and yeasts to manage vegetable crop diseases. Trends in Biotechnology 21(9): 400-407.
Shivanna, R., Garampalli, R.H. (2015). Evaluation of fungistatic potential of lichen extracts against Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. causing Rhizome rot disease in Ginger. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 5(10): 67-72.
Shrestha, G., St. Clair, L.L. (2013). Lichens: a promising source of antibiotic and anticancer drugs. Phytochemistry Reviews 12(1): 229-224.
Suberu, H. (2004). Preliminary studies of inhibitions in Aspergillus flavus with extracts of two lichens and Bentex- T fungicide. African Journal of Biotechnology 3(9): 468- 472.
Thadhani, V.M., Choudhary, I.M., Khan, S., Karunaratne, V. (2012). Antimicrobial and toxicological activities of some depsides and depsidones. Journal of National Science Foundation Sri Lanka 40(1): 43-48.
Tiwari, P., Rai, H., Upreti, D.K., Trivedi, S., Shukla, P. (2011). Antifungal activity of a common Himalayan foliose lichen Parmotrema tinctorum (Despr. ex Nyl.) Hale. Nature and Science 9(9): 167-171.
Vivek, M.N., Manasa, M., Kambar, Y., Kekuda, P.T.R., Raghavendra, H.L. (2014). Antifungal efficacy of three bioactive Parmotrema species from Western Ghats of Karnataka, India. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences 7(12): 968-973.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
License
Copyright (c) 2016 Journal of Science, Technology and Arts Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
STAR © 2023 Copyright; All rights reserved
